Murphy

Athens and Sparta POCs Athens and Sparta are two amazing cities with very different customs and views on things. For instance Athens and Sparta had very different politics. Not just was their systems different but many aspects of their policies were very distant from each other. But in addition to the two cities vast amount of differences there were many even stronger similarities between the two. Sparta and Athens had different systems of government but they actually had many similarities. Sparta for instance was a combination of an oligarchy and a democracy, while Athens only had a primitive form of democracy. In Athens people would vote for their new ruler by a show of hands. Unfortunately not everyone in Athens could vote, in fact the only people who could vote were males who were born in Athens and were not slaves. In Sparta no one voted for their rulers but instead the Spartans used another part of Democracy we use today: branches. The Spartan government was made up of several branches called the kingship, the Assembly, the Gerousia, and the Ephorate. These branches of aristocrats and kings worked together to rule Sparta. Another thing that was different about the two states government was their view on women and even though it is different it is also rather similar. For instance neither the Spartans or the Athenians allowed women to be involved in government. But the Spartans allowed the women to participate in other things like education on things like early arithmetic, astronomy and science while all Athenian women were allowed to be educated on were things like dance, art and music. Also in Athens the women were rarely seen in public because they were expected to stay in the home and cook and clean. In Sparta women were allowed to do almost everything men were allowed to do like sports, shopping and gambling. Another thing that was very different about the two cities policies was what happened when the people didn’t like the leader the elected. In Sparta for instance if the people didn’t like the leader to bad he was there until he wanted to be done. But in Athens every few months the people would meet and write the leaders name on a stone/piece of wood and put it in a jar. Later the stones would be counted and the leader that had had their name written the most would be ostracized (banished from the city for 10 years). Interestingly enough when a ruler came back from his banishment he could become leader again if people voted for him. []

MYTHOLOGY Greek Mythology is a very complicated web of many myths and supreme beings the many gods and heroes are all related to each other in some way. When people think about Greek mythology they usually think about the Greek gods because that is what we most hear about, actually the start of the religion was called the creation and it didn’t in include even one of the Greek gods. Before any of the gods came to existence there were the sky (Uranus) and Gaea (the earth). They fell in love and had six children: Cronos, Rhea, Phoebe, Oceanus, Tethyus, Coeus. These figures came to be known as titans, the titans had many children. Cronos and Rhea had 6 children named Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, Hestia, Hera and Zeus. Cronos was the king of the titans because he had overthrown their father Uranus. Cronos had heard a prophecy that he would be overthrown by one of his children so he proceded to eat them, swallowing them whole and intending to keep them in his stomach forever. But his wife rhea didn’t like this so when she had the sixth baby Zeus she hid him away and instead gave Cronos a rock wrapped in a blanket. Cronos fell for it and believed that because he had eaten all of his children he would be ruler of everything forever. But many years later Zeus came back from the Island he had been growing up on to overthrow CCronos and he did and after he defeated him he freed his siblings who had been growing and matureing in Cronos’s stomach. The children cast cronos into Tarturus were he remained completely traped For eternity. The children o Cronos came to be known as the gods. **Zeus** was supreme ruler of the gods and lord of the sky, **Poseidon** became lord of the water, **Hades** became the god of the underworld, **Hestia** became the goddess of the hearth, **Hera** became goddess of Marriage, and Demeter became goddess of agriculture. They were considered the elder gods of Olympus (the home of the gods) other gods were created by the titans children and the gods for instance.Zeus and Demeter had a child named **Persephone** (goddess of springtime) Hera was Zues’s wife so thay had man godly children named **Ares** (god of war), **Athena** god of Strategy and the arts, and Hephestus (god of the forge.) Gods were also created by gods and other children of the titans. For instance: Phoebe and Ceous had a child named Leto who then had a pair of twins with Zeus named **Artimis** (goddess of the hunt and nature)and **Apollo**(god of poetry, archery and music. Oceanus and Tehyus had children named Iapetus who then hadseveral children named Promotheus, Atlas, and Epimethyus. Atlas had a child named Maia, Maia had a child with Zeus named **Hermes** (the messenger god). Zeus also had a child with Atlas’s other daughter Dione, the child was named **Aphrodite** (the goddess of love and beauty. In adittion to these gods there were many others but they are considered minor gods. In toatal there are 12 main gods and they all live on Olympus they are Hephestus, Aphrodite, Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, Ares, Athena, Hera, Apollo, Artimis, and Hemes. There are many many myths that go along with these gods usually these stories involve another cool thing that greek Mythology also involves .. Monsters.

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11/5/09 · Greece is a collection of Independent city states (shared language) o Minoans were one of the first city states (excellent traders) (lived on island called crete) § Crete was surrounded by water and in that water there were over 2000 ilands with people to trade with § Greece didn’t have any major rivers instead they had big oceans · Makes transport and trade easy § Greece doesn’t have to much farmland (forced to trade) § The people of Greece identified with their individual city states before their country (Greece o  Greece’s climate was mild §  Not many harsh winters or big storms ·  Because of the nice weather Greeks were outside a lot o Mycenae § Mycenaeans §  Mild Climate § City is located on rocky ridge with 20ft thick walls surrounding the city § Warlike <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Influenced Athens <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Contemporaries of the Minoans <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ They expanded rapidly <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ In the beginning Myceneans had a good relationship with the Minoans <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Suddenly Minoans disappeared <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ So the Myceneans took their land and expanded on it <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§  Mycenae had a conflict with Troy <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Started the Trojan War (lasted 10 years) <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· The Greeks won the war but having to fight a 10 year war took a big toll on the Mycenae economy and because of that they began to dissipate <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· A collection of stories was made about the Trojan war these two books were written by Homer they were called the Iliad and the Odyssey <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o These stories were first thought to be just myths but around the mid 1800s archeologists found proof that the Trojan war really happened and that homers books were actual accounts of real events of he war. <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Mycenae ends
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